Proper Waste Management.

Climate change impacts are only one of a number of environmental impacts
that derive from solid waste management options. Other impacts include health effects attributable to air pollutants such as Nitrogen dioxide, Sulfer dioxide, dioxins and fine particles, emissions of ozone depleting substances, contamination of water bodies, depletion of non-renewable resources, disamenity effects, noise, accidents etc. These environmental impacts are in addition to the socio-economic aspects of alternative ways of managing waste. All of these factors need to be properly considered in the determination of a balanced policy for sustainable waste management, of which the climate change elements are but one aspect. The study is not intended as a tool for municipal or regional waste planning, where local factors, such as the availability of existing waste management facilities and duration of waste management contracts, markets for recyclables, geographic and socio-economic factors, will exert the dominant influence.

General waste management techniques are:

• Landfill: It involves having the waste buried off in empty, deserted locations outside the city. Dumped waste is made to undergo compression to enhance the density and make the fill stable. It is later covered to discourage vermin growth. A gas extraction system is customarily installed to exact the gas (arising out of decomposition) through a burrow pit.
• Incineration: Waste is exposed to high temperature to trigger combustion and ultimately reduce to ash, gas and heat energy. Toxic wastes from industry are thermally treated in furnace and boiler to extract energy. This method is useful where land is scarce. Gasification and Pyrolysis methods involve heating waste in short supply of oxygen at high temperature inside a pressurized and sealed vessel. The resultant residue is used for energy generation.
• Recycling: Paper, plastic, PVC and other homogenous products can be recycled to put them in use in a new garb. This also rids the environment of non-biodegradable, chemical wastes that significantly disturb the ecological balance.
• Biological reprocessing: Wastes of organic origin are made to undergo biological decomposition and re-used as compost or mulch for agriculture and landscaping. Gas collected is used for electricity generation.
• Waste Reduction and Avoidance: The stress is on increased use of second hand products, repaired products and reducing the use of complex disposable items to keep a tab on waste generation in abundance.
• Recycling Solutions: Recycling is a superlative way to capitalize on accumulated waste by chemically treating it to make it fit for re-use. Recycling equipment make the waste processing method streamlined and cost-effective.