On Oceans.

Warmer conditions are having an effect on our planet. The world's surface air temperature warmed 0.6 ℃ (1.1℉) on average during the last century. This may not sound like very much change, but it is. Below are some effects of climate change that are happening today.

Climate warming is causing areas to be more prone to drought.

More Water and fewer Glaciers: 

Rising sea level is a threat to coastal communities, wetlands, and coral reefs. During the 20th century, sea level rose about 15 cm (6 inches). In part, this was because of melting glaciers. The water from the melted ice is added to streams and rivers and eventually makes its way to the ocean. Over the past 100 years mountain glaciers, Arctic glaciers, and Greenland's ice have decreased dramatically in size. Sea level rise is also happening because the water warms, it takes up more space, it expands larger. Models predict that sea level may rise as much as 59 cm (23 inches) during the 21st Century, four times the amount of sea-level rise we have seen in the past century.

  

Each year, the amount of sea ice that covers the Arctic Oceans grows in the winter and melts at its edges in the summer. But lately, warmer temperatures have caused more ice to melt in the summer and less ice to grow in winter. The summer thickness of sea ice is circulation as the temperature and density of water changes. It is also speeding up warming in the Arctic, with less ice, less sunlight is reflected out to space and more is absorbed by the water and the land.

Changing Climate Means Changing Weather:

Climate warming is causing changes to weather in different regions of the world. In particular, it is causing more extreme weather events than we have seen in the past. these extreme weather events can have impacts on human health, limiting access to clean drinking water, food, and shelter and taxing people's ability to cope with heat, drought or flood.

• More rain and flooding: Warmer temperatures have led to more intense rainfall events in some areas. This can cause flooding - a risk to the environment and human health.
• More extreme drought: Warmer temperatures cause more evaporation, turning water into vapor in the air, and causing drought in some areas of the world. Places prone to drought are expected to become even drier over the next century. 
• Stronger Hurricanes: This may be true for tropical cyclones in other parts of the world. Scientists continue to study whether the climate is the cause.
• Heat Waves: It is likely that heatwaves have become more common in more areas of the world.

According to computer models, more global warming is in our future. If we continue to emit as many, or more, greenhouse gases, this will cause much more warming during the 21st century then we saw in the 20th century. During the 21st century, various computer models predict average temperature will climb 1.8°-4.0℃(3.2°-7.2℉).

Renewable Energies

There is no other way to change the worst climate condition of our Eco-System without taking brave steps: nearly 40% of US CO2 pollution comes from power plants burning fossil fuels. Similarly, in every other developed country, they are all using an immense amount of energy resources to accomplish their needs in the field of energy. Fossil Fuels are being burnt in large amounts to meet the requirements of modern-day energy. And this behavior of countries towards meeting their energy requirement is certainly not in favor of our Climate or Eco-System. But we can turn things around. But the question is how we can change all this and turn things around since it is not an easy task to do. But if we decide to do something no hurdle will be in our way.
Renewable energy is that type of energy which we can use again and again without any bad effects on our environment. There are many sources of renewable energy that exist the thing is to adopt them. It minimizes carbon pollution and has a much lower impact on our environment. Giving people more access to renewable energy can allow them to reduce their own energy bills while reducing stress on the grid stations and demand for fossil fuel power. This can also save money as well as allow us all to breathe cleaner air.

Types of Renewable Energy:

• Solar Energy: One very comprehensive solution to reduce global warming caused by energy could be the use of SOLAR ENERGY at commercial and house level. Humans have been using energy coming from the SUN from the very first day to cook crops, stay warm and for dry fruits. According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory "More Energy falls on the earth in one hour then is used by everyone in the world in one year." So, why waste this much amount of energy? Sun is a natural source of energy and the energy coming through its rays can be used for various purposes e.g. for powering Industry, homes and also at other workplaces. Solar Cells are specially designed for this purpose. Solar Cells or Photovoltaic Cells are made of Silicon Chips or other materials that transform Sunlight directly into electricity. These can be used to produce energy for homes or for the industry also. This is a very cheap and easy method and if adopted it can reduce the use of other costly methods to generate electricity.

  

  A Solar Settlement in a Housing Community in Germany.

• Wind Energy: Air is the GODs greatest blessing on man. It is the only thing that requires for human survival without it everything in this whole universe might face extinction. Where it is that much necessary for human survival is also a source of renewable energy. It can be used to produce Electrical energy by placing windmills in the coastal areas because the speed of air in those areas is relatively higher than in other areas. Wind energy turns a turbine blade which is connected to an electrical generator that produces electricity when they are rotated by Winds at high speed. This is probably the cheapest way to produce electricity more than 6% of US energy comes from windmills.

  

  Wind Mills placed on the coastal area of Denmark.

• HydroElectric Power: Hydropower is one of the largest renewable energy sources in the world. It relies on water mostly high-speed water coming from a big height like in DAMS. Hydropower method is used to generate energy in more than 140 countries of the world with Asia Pacific region countries contributing to more than 32% of the world's global hydropower generation by the year 2010. Water contributes more than 70% of our whole Eco-System and if it is used in a correct manner it can be helpful for producing more energy and controlling global warming on a large scale. China is the country with one of the largest producers of hydropower with a total production of 721 Terra Hours by the year 2010.

  

  Three Gorges Dam in China is the world's largest Dam.

• Tidal Power: Tides are the rise and fall of oceans level by the combined effect of the gravitational pull of Sun during day and Moon during the night. It is a natural process happening from centuries causing the sea level to rise naturally. But, How this natural rise and fall in waves can be used to generate energy? Here's how. Scientists of the 20th century have discovered a way to generate electrical energy using these tides it uses special types of generators or paddles to produce electrical energy in the areas where the tides are usually high. Tidal energy is still in its infancy. The amount of energy produced by tides is still very low but scientists are working to improve their efficiency.

  

  Graphical illustration of  Tidal Energy Generators.

Climate action is not just a defensive play, in order to coup with it we need to take some brave steps. We have to see every challenge as an opportunity to modernize our power sector and build a low-carbon economy that will fuel growth for decades to come. This is the only possible way to make our world a heaven for the coming generations. We have to replace fossil fuels as an energy source with green power or more precisely renewable energy sources because this is the time to do the right thing to save our next generations from the worst outcomes of climate change. This is the most important action we can take to address the impacts of climate change on health and to reduce pollutants that can lead to disease.

Renewable energies offer so many benefits, from changing air and reducing the pollution, to lowering prices and taking us off the destructive boom-and-bust a merry-go-round of fossil fuel prices.

Poor Waste Disposal.

Poor waste disposal is also the main reason behind climate change happening around us. But before starting our discussion we need to define what does mean by "WASTE" and the difference between "Proper Waste Management" and "Poor Waste Management/Disposal".

1. Waste:  Waste is described as anything left after primary use or of no use at all. These are also termed as unwanted or unusable materials. In this era of modern civilization where humans require bulk amount of resources waste is emerging as a major environmental issue right in front of everyone but no one has the time to think about it or ponder on its solution. The world has a population of about 7.5 billion which means there is a bulk amount of waste left over each day and to dispose of it properly requires proper management and a separate system.
2. Proper Waste Management: Waste management are the activities required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes all kinds of management the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process. Waste can be of anything it can be solid, liquid or water.
   
3. Poor Waste Disposal: As it is stated earlier Poor waste disposal is also a cause of environmental pollution. Poor waste management includes not disposing of the waste, burning it in the open air, throwing it in sea or river or any kind of water body. People generally don't care about waste and they are reckless in throwing their garbage and this attitude is clearly un-endurable because this is having some serious negative effects on society. Some effects are discussed below:

• Effects on Human Health: It has some serious effects on human health and causes diseases like Lung related diseases Asthma, Skin Problems, Irritation and abnormality in one’s behavior.
• Effects On Climate: Burning of waste material in the open air is also causing air pollution and smoke that results after burning waste carries toxic gasses with it. For Example burning of synthetic rubber releases a thick dark smoke which carries Cyanide, Carbon Monoxide(The Silent Killer), Sulfur Dioxide all these are highly toxic chemicals and when breathed they cause major diseases. Sulfur dioxide causes lung diseases like asthma and Carbon Monoxide can cause G.B.S (Guillain–Barré Syndrome) and breathing it in excessive can also kill a person.
• Soil Contamination: Poor waste management can also contaminate the soil when the waste is buried inside soil without treating it properly it makes soil hard and contaminate it when plants are planted in this soil their roots come in contact with these chemicals and got contaminated. When people eat them, they got affected. Soil contamination can have serious effects on our Eco System, there are radical soil changes arise from the presence of hazardous chemicals at low concentrations of contaminated species. They affect our soil and agriculture in a number of ways and if we continue ignoring it like most of the countries in the world doing right now it can fatal in the future and humanity might face a food shortage.

  

  A Waste Sight in Vietnam this picture shows how poorly waste is being managed in country and surely its consequences can be fatal.

• Water Pollution: Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies by human activities or also poor waste disposal. What people generally do is they directly throw their waste in water bodies like rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwaters. The continual dumping of garbage, raw material or untreated sewage pollutes the water and makes it unhealthy for drinking and agriculture or domestic usage. And every kind of marine life that comes in contact with it gets impacted in the worst of its ways. Materials like synthetic rubber, plastic bottles, cigarette buts and Styrofoam(polystyrene) can kill marine life at a big level.

Poor Waste disposal is continuously growing but only a few countries are tackling it in a practical and proper manner this is a matter of concern for each and every individual and government also because it is growing with an increase in population and increasing consumption of resources. If we didn't think of it right now then we will be the ones who have to face their consequences.

Climate Change.

The earth's climate has changed throughout history just in the last 650,000 years, there have been seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat, with the abrupt end of last ice age about 7000 years ago and the start of modern human civilization and also the beginning of modern climate era. Most of these climate changes are attributed to very small variations in Earth orbit changes the amount of solar energy which our planet receives. The Earth's atmosphere consists of layers called Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere.

• Troposphere: The Troposphere is the lowest layer of our atmosphere. Starting at ground level, it extends upward to about 10 km (6.2 miles or about 33,000 feet) above sea level. Almost all kinds of life exist only in this layer. Most clouds appear here, mainly because 99% of the water vapor in the atmosphere is found in the troposphere. The higher you go the cooler it is.
• Stratosphere: The Stratosphere starts from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km(31 miles) above the ground level. The ozone layer is also found in this layer. Unlike the troposphere, the temperature in the stratosphere becomes warmer(Increases)  as you go higher in the stratosphere.
• Mesosphere: Above the stratosphere starts the Mesosphere which extends up to 85 km (53 Miles).Unlike the stratosphere, the temperature also grows colder as you move high in this layer the coldest temperature -90° C (-130° F) also found at the top of this layer.
• Thermosphere: The layer of rare air above Mesosphere is found Thermosphere high energy rays(especially X-Rays & UV Rays) coming from the sun are absorbed in this layer raising its temperature to several 100-degree Celsius or some times thousand of degrees. The height of the Thermosphere is found anywhere between 500 to 1000 km (311 to 621 Miles) mostly earth satellites orbits in this layer.
• Exosphere: Scientists have considered thermosphere the uppermost layer of our atmosphere but exosphere lies even above the thermosphere and also terms as the "Final Frontier" of our atmosphere it lies somewhere between 100,000 km (62,000 miles) and 190,000 km (120,000 miles. But there is no clear cut upper boundary of exosphere where it fades away into space.

Layers of Atmosphere.

 Climate change is generally expressed as the change in the weather pattern in oceans in land surfaces and in ice sheets occurring over time scales of decades or longer. Weather is the state of the atmosphere its temperature, humidity wind, rainfall and so on. It is influenced by the oceans, land surfaces and ice sheets, which together with the atmosphere form what is called the ‘climate system’. Climate, in its broadest sense, is the statistical description of the state of the climate system. In some cases, worst climate change occurs in an area and it cost many lives and human resources. In the current world, the climate is changing at a rapid pace and it can have very worst consequences if it wasn't dealt in a proper manner with practical steps taken. The change in climate is having bad effects on each and everything that comes in its contact. Such as human health, agriculture and food security, water supply, transportation, energy, ecosystems, and others and are expected to become increasingly disruptive throughout this century and beyond.

The Bad climate affects our Eco-System in a number of ways through Global Warming and mainly pollution (every kind of pollution) and extensive use of non-renewable sources of energy, poor waste management system. Talking about its effects on the main victims of climates cruelty are humans himself.

The only planet in the solar system that can support life is EARTH but if we continue destroying its atmosphere like we are doing right now its consequences could be worse in the future.

Global Warming.

The Earth's climate is going towards its destruction very fastly and there include many factors in its destruction one of those is Global Warming. Global Warming is a natural process by which the atmosphere retains some of the sun's heat, allowing the earth to maintain necessary conditions to host life. Without the greenhouse effect, the average temperature of Earth would be -18 degrees Celsius. So there arises a question that if global warming is necessary to maintain the Earth's temperature to host life then why it is damaging our environment? The simple answer could be "EXCESS OF EVERYTHING IS BAD", but it isn't the same. The main fact is that daily human activities have maximizes the greenhouse effect that results in an unexpected rise in temperature(Discussed later in Blog) which is quite alarming. Warming greater than global has already been experienced in many regions of the world with higher warming averaging over the land than over the oceans. Talking about the reasons behind Global Warming includes an increase in the Green House effect, Deforestation, and UN-controlled Population Increase.

• Green House Effect: The greenhouse effect is simply described as the process that occurs when the gasses in the earth's atmosphere traps the sun's heat. This makes the earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. A typical greenhouse is building with glass walls and glass roofs to grow plants and vegetables which are offseason. During the day when the sun shines the greenhouse glass trap its heat which helps him stay warm even in winters at night.

  

  Animated Description of Green House.

  Gasses in the atmosphere traps heat just like the glass roof of the greenhouse. These trapping gasses are called Green House Gasses. Scientists have shortlisted some gasses that are called greenhouse gasses Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrogen Dioxide and Chlorofluorocarbons (CF Cs) these gasses are heating our atmosphere by trapping Infrared rays coming from the sun. Human activities are increasing the emission rate of CO2 by burning of excessive fossil fuels. Also, the emission of CF Cs mainly by refrigerators and air conditioners is damaging our environment. Also the smoke coming from the chimneys of Industries also the main factor behind the rise of temperature in the lower atmosphere.
  

The volcanic eruptions are considered to be large enough to effects the earth's climate. On a scale of 1 year, the volcanoes inject 100,000 tons of SO2 in the stratosphere

• Deforestation: Deforestation, clearance, clear-cutting is the removal of a forest or more precisely trees from a piece of land to convert them to farms or urban use. Deforestation is a contributor to global warming and is often cited as one of the major causes behind global warming or enhancing the greenhouse effect. Tropical Deforestation is responsible for 20% of world greenhouse gas emissions and it also causes CO2 to linger in the atmosphere. A forestry expert quoted by Natural Resources Defence Council Described clear-cutting as "An ecological trauma that has no precedent in nature except for a major volcanic eruption". Deforestation is also responsible for Air Pollution cutting down of trees mean less oxygen is being provided to the atmosphere in this scenario the toxic gasses being emitted by Industries stays in the atmosphere and starts polluting it. This also results in all of us breathing toxic gasses that are not good for our health.

Indragiri Forest, Hulu Indonesia.

• Increase In Population: The rapid increase in Population has also demanded a rise in resources such as energy, food, water and many more which speed up greenhouse gas emission from all production processes. Didn't get it not a problem..have a look. Earth's current population is about 7.3 to 7.5 Billion which means there are more than 7 billion bodies to be fed, clothed, kept warm at the same time this needs a bulk amount of resources which eventually results in huge amounts of waste. According to the United Nations report, the world population will b 9.0 Billion by the end of the year 2050 and these numbers will continue to grow. The impact of humans growth on the environment takes two major forms: 

1. consumption of resources such as food, land, water, air, fossil fuels and minerals.
2. waste products as a result of consumption such as air and water, pollutant, toxic materials and green house gasses.

Report Source: Our World in Data. 

We as human beings have gone too far but if we didn't think at this moment we will be in trouble in future.

Rise in Temperature

In recent years, scientists have noted a rapid increase in average temperatures throughout the World. This has effects on each and every region of the world. According to a report from the National Resources Defense Council (NRDC) titled 'Killer Summer Heat,' the average temperature of the United States could rise by as many as 11 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the 21st century. "The risks to public health are greatest when high temperatures mix with other weather conditions to cause what's known as an 'Excessive Heat Event,' or EHE," the report states. EHE days occur when the temperature, dew point temperature, cloud cover, wind speed, and surface atmospheric pressure create conditions dangerous enough to cause heat-related deaths.

Data via NCDC. According to four major global meteorological and atmospheric monitoring agencies, temperatures have gradually risen for the past 30 years; the 2000s have officially been declared the warmest decade in recorded history.

Extensive Rise in temperature has vast effects on probably every part of this atmosphere some of those are discussed earlier in the BLOG while some we will discuss later in BLOG but here right now we will have a brief look on the effects of Rising in Temperature on  human lives how they are getting killed by this cruel environment?

This shows the Global Rise in Temperature from 1970 to 2015.

 The most common causes of death related to rising temperatures include the following conditions:

• Heat exhaustion: According to The Mayo Clinic, heat exhaustion is characterized by profuse sweating and a rapid pulse/heartbeat; these two symptoms essentially indicate the body is overheating. Other signs of heat exhaustion include dizziness, low blood pressure, and muscle cramps. Individuals who suspect they have heat exhaustion should immediately stop whatever they are doing, retreat to a relatively cool location, and consume cool water or electrolyte-filled sports drinks.

• Heat Stroke: Heatstroke could be characterized as 'advanced heat exhaustion; the Mayo Clinic notes that individuals diagnosed with heat stroke usually have a temperature in excess of 104 degrees Fahrenheit. In addition to the outside temperature, the symptoms of heatstroke may be exacerbated by prescription medication, pre-existing medical conditions, high humidity and even consuming alcohol on a hot day. Unlike heat exhaustion, heatstroke demands medical attention; untreated heatstroke can negatively affect the brain, heart, kidneys, and muscles. In June 2015, a severe heatwave struck southern Pakistan mostly in its province of Sindh and its capital Karachi the highest temperature recorded in that heatwave was 49 °C(120 °F) causing the death of about 2000 people from dehydration and heatstroke. These events followed a separate heatwave in its neighboring country INDIA that killed 2500 people in May 2015.

  

  The Table shows recorded temperatures in Southern Pakistan in 2015.

• Cardiovascular disease: According to the National Institute of  Environmental Health Science, extreme heat (as well as extreme cold) has been linked to a higher incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases and conditions, such as strokes and dysrhythmia. Cardiovascular disease is already the deadliest medical condition in the United States, and strokes are listed as the country's third leading cause of death.
• Kidney disease: Prolonged exposure to excessively hot temperatures can lead to major kidney problems, notes American Family Physician contributor James L. Glazer MD. Rhabdomyolysis, a condition caused by damaged tissue, often results from heatstroke and has been linked to long-term renal disease. The body's ability to regulate water intake may also be affected, which can lead to kidney and/or bladder infections.
• Aggravated allergies: Since two major allergens pollen and ragweed spread during relatively warm months; the EPA notes that spring allergy seasons are occurring earlier each year as a result of increasing temperatures.

In addition to the human toll, there is a significant financial impact to consider. 'Killer Summer Heat' discusses a heatwave that struck California in Summer 2006. Over the two-week period of extreme heat, 655 people lost their lives and more than 16,000 individuals made trips to the emergency room; the heatwave ultimately resulted in costs nearing $5.3 billion. The report notes that as many as 150,000 men, women, and children could potentially die of heat-related causes by the year 2100.

On Animals

Our climate is changing, both naturally and due to human exploitation. There is already undeniable evidence that animals, birds, and plants are being affected by climate change and global warming in both their distribution and behavior. Unless greenhouse gas emissions are severely reduced, climate change could cause a quarter of land animals, birdlife and plants to become extinct.

Climate variability and the change affect birdlife and animals in a number of ways; birds lay eggs earlier in the year than usual, plants bloom earlier and mammals are come out of hibernation sooner. Distribution of animals is also affected; with many species moving closer to the poles as a response to the rise in global temperatures. Birds are migrating and arriving at their nesting grounds earlier, and the nesting grounds that they are moving to are not as far away as they used to be and in some countries, the birds don’t even leave anymore, as the climate is suitable all year round.

A sea-level rise of only 50 cm could cause sea turtles to lose their nesting beaches - over 30% of Caribbean beaches are used by turtles during the nesting season and would be affected. The already endangered Mediterranean Monk Seals need beaches upon which to raise their pups and a rise in sea level could there could damage shallow coastal areas used annually by whales and dolphins which need shallow, gentle waters in order to rear their small calves.

Humans have already destroyed many of the natural migrations of animals.

The migratory journeys of Wildebeest in several African countries are stopped by fences. Changing rainfall patterns are causing dams to be erected in some areas of our planet, not taking into account the migratory fish and mammals that annually migrate upriver to breed and spawn and water birds that rely on wetland sites for migration are at threat from rising sea levels caused by human effects. On the other side of the coin, the atmosphere is sucking moisture from the land at a greater rate than ever before causing severe droughts in many countries which are now facing reduced crop production and major drinking water shortages.

Although it is thought that no species has yet become extinct exclusively because of climate change, many migratory and non-migratory species are expected to become extinct in the near future.

Ozone Depletion.

Ozone Layer is a protective layer or shield around the earth which covers the earth from the harmful Ultra Violet Rays of Sun. It is also a very significant part of the earth's second atmospheric layer known as the stratosphere. It is found in the lower part of the Stratosphere at a height of 15 to 35 km. Going back in its history it was discovered by the French physicist Charles Fabry and his partner Henri Buisson in the year 1913. It contains a high concentration of ozone molecules (O3). The very high concentration of ozone molecules here results in the absorption of high or medium frequency Ultra Violet Rays coming from SUN which otherwise would potentially raise health concerns.
Our understanding of ozone depletion is a result of laboratory studies, computer models, and atmospheric observations. The wide variety of chemical reactions that occur in the stratosphere have been discovered and studied in the laboratory. Chemical reactions between two gases follow well-defined physical rules. Some of these reactions occur on the surfaces of stratospheric clouds formed in the winter in the stratosphere. Reactions have been studied that involve many different molecules containing chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine and other atmospheric constituents such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. These studies have shown that several reactions involving chlorine and bromine directly or indirectly destroy ozone in the stratosphere. 
The main factors of Ozone Depletion or the causes behind Ozone Destruction are discussed here.

Causes:

• Ozone Hole: Ozone hole is the primary cause of ozone depletion at higher levels. It is causing the ozone layer much damage that its consequences are being faced on each and every day. The Antarctic ozone hole is an area of the Antarctic stratosphere in which the ozone levels have dropped to as low as 33 percent of the values recorded in 1975. The ozone hole occurs during the Antarctic spring, starting from September to early weeks of  December, as strong western winds start to circulate around the continent and create an atmospheric container. Within this polar vortex, over 50 percent of the lower stratospheric ozone is destroyed during the Antarctic spring. The primary cause of ozone depletion is the presence of chlorine-containing source gases primarily Coloro Flouro Hydrocarbons. In the presence of UV light, these gases after dissociating release chlorine atoms, which then go on through the air to the stratosphere to where they destroy the ozone layer. The Cl-catalyzed ozone depletion can take place in the gas phase, but it is dramatically enhanced in the presence of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs).

Effects of Ozone Depletion:

1. Increased UV:  Since the ozone, layers are being destroyed by earth's gasses and it's bad atmosphere so the layer which prevents Ultra Violet rays from SUN reaching earth's surface is also being destroyed so this increase the amount of Ultra Violet Rays coming to earth form SUN. Which is quite a horrible thing and is surely not good for the earth's atmosphere.  In the Year 2008 October, the Ecuadorian Space Agency published a report called HIPERION. The study used ground instruments in Ecuador and the last 28 years data from 12 satellites of several countries, and found that the UV radiation reaching equatorial latitudes was far greater than expected, with the UV Index climbing as high as 24 in Quito; the WHO considers 11 as an extreme index and a great risk to health. The report concluded that the ozone depletion levels around the mid-latitudes of the planet are already endangering large populations in these areas. Later many countries use their own resources and published their studies which also resembles the studies that Ecuador published earlier.

1. Biological Effects: The main effects ozone depletion is on humans and especially their health issues are raising at a high pace and this is probably the main and the only concern about ozone depletion at the moment. And this is the biggest challenge in battling climate change. The one major disease that is killing human beings is CANCER. Different forms of cancer are due to exposure to Ultra Violet Radiation and this disease is incurable. Ozone depletion would magnify all of the effects of UV on human health, both positive including the production of vitamin D and negative including sunburn, skin cancer, and cataracts. In addition, increased surface UV leads to increased tropospheric ozone, which is a health risk to humans.
2. Effects On Animals: The depletion of ozone also has effects on Animals especially in the areas situated in antarctic or in its neighbors. Because in those areas they are directly exposed to the UV radiation coming from the Sun. In November 2011 scientists of Institute of Zoology of London published a report that says whales off the coast of California have shown a sharp rise in sun damage, and these scientists "fear that the thinning ozone layer is to blame" The study photographed and took skin biopsies from over 150 whales in the Gulf of California and found "widespread evidence of epidermal damage commonly associated with acute and severe sunburn", having cells that form when the DNA is damaged by UV radiation.

The Effects of Ozone Depletion is being seen by the scientist in every field of human life. This is a matter of concern for humans that we have to reduce our needs and minimize the usage of things that damages the OZONE layer and making holes in it. Because if we didn't think of it right now then it might be late.